The National Commission for Women Act, 1990 was enacted on 30, August, 1990. Through this Act a statutory body with power to investigate and address violations of women’s rights in India was established. This Commission, composed of a chairperson and five Members. It plays a crucial role in advancing gender justice through its functions. Section 10 outlines the major responsibilities, including investigating complaints of violations of women’s rights, reviewing existing laws and proposing amendments, advising the government on women’s development, inspecting custodial institutions, and funding public interest litigation. It has power to recommend remedial action to authorities under Section 13 and inquire into specific non-bailable offenses against women under Section 12 which strengthens its investigative and oversight capacities. The 2013 amendment empowers the Commission to recommend compensation to victims under Section 18A. The relevance of the Act lies in its multifaceted approach to women’s rights. It tackles legal frameworks, investigates individual grievances, proposes policy changes, and advocates for systemic reforms.
The Act extends to whole of India except Jammu and Kashmir. The Act consists of 17 Sections.